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Technical Whitepapers
A collection of general discussions and in-depth technical notes featuring Boulder
Nonlinear Sytstems' products and services.
(You will need Adobe
Systems' free Acrobat Reader™ software to view or print these documents.
)
| Title |
Summary |
Related Product(s) |
 100%
Fill Factor |
Why Choose
BNS?
Dielectric Mirror coatings are
applied to provide 100% Fill Factor
and up to 95% Zero-Order Diffraction
Efficiency |
256 X 256 SLM, 512 X 512 SLM,
1 X 12,288 SLM |
 |
|
High
Optical Resolution |
Why Choose
BNS?
Narrow phase wraps = maximum use
of spatial resolution |
256 X 256 SLM, 512 X 512 SLM,
1 X 12,288 SLM |
|
|
High
Speed |
Why Choose
BNS?
High Speed addressing combined
with High Speed Liquid crystal
eliminates phase droop and provides
up to 500 Hz switching frequency. |
256 X 256 SLM, 512 X 512 SLM,
1 X 12,288 SLM |
|
|
Unique
Modulators |
Why Choose
BNS?
Phase Modulation / Amplitude
Modulation / or Combined in one SLM |
256 X 256 SLM, 512 X 512 SLM,
1 X 12,288 SLM |
|
| 32-channel
Spatial Light Modulator Driver Subsystem |
The basic principles used in our
32-channel driver used for our analog liquid crystal 512x512 pixel SLM. |
256 X 256 SLM, 512 X 512 SLM |
|
| 512
Spatial Light Modulator System Description |
A system level description of
the BNS 512 X 512 SLM including the mechanical mount system, drive electronics,
software and cable connections. |
256 X 256 SLM, 512 X 512 SLM |
|
| Analog
Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals |
Performance data showing the frequency
dependant nature of FLC devices such that the same digital pixel value
will give different polarization rotations at different frequencies. |
256 X 256 SLM, 512 X 512 SLM,
1 X 12,288 SLM |
|
| Beam
Steering Using Liquid Crystals |
A discussion of the considerations
necessary for the design and application of liquid crystal beam steerers. |
256 X 256 SLM, 512 X 512 SLM,
1 X 12,288 SLM |
|
| Ferroelectric
Liquid Crystal Based Polarization Filters |
The principles involved in tuning
Liquid crystal tunable filters (LCTFs) using Fabry-Perot and polarization
interference effects. |
Rotators, Shutters |
|
| Image
Resolution vs. Bit-Depth |
Deciding trade-offs between resolution
and bit-depth when specifying SLMs. |
256 X 256 SLM, 512 X 512 SLM,
1 X 12,288 SLM |
|
| Liquid
Crystal Fabry-Perot Tunable Filter |
The design considerations surrounding
the use of Liquid Crystal Fabry-Perot Filters. |
Rotators, Shutters |
|
| Liquid
Crystal Reference |
A brief description of characteristics,
typical configurations, and applications for Nematic, Smectic C, and
Smectic A LCs. |
256 X 256 SLM, 512 X 512 SLM,
1 X 12,288 SLM |
|
| System
Tuning Considerations |
Tuning systems to match the characteristics
of the SLM to achieve maximum contrast. |
256 X 256 SLM, 512 X 512 SLM,
1 X 12,288 SLM |
|
|
Optical Trapping |
Increasing trap stiffness with
position clamping in holographic
optical tweezers
Darryl Preece, Richard Bowman, Anna
Linnenberger, Graham Gibson, Steven
Serati, Miles Padgett |
|
|
Pulse Shaping |
Real-time control of polarization in
ultra-short pulse laser
micro-processing
O.J. Allegre, W. Perrie,
K. Bauchert, D. Liu, S. P.
Edwardson, G. Deardon, and K. G.
Watkins |
|
Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman
Scattering (CARS) - Pulse Shaping
Some advantages of
using a BNS SLM in the design of
CARS microscopy include:
independent phase and amplitude
modulation using only one array,
high spectral resolution,
improved diffraction efficiency. |
|
Quartic-phase limited grism-based
ultrashort pulse shaper
Jeffrey J Field,
Charles G. Durfee III, Jeff A.
Squier, Steve Kane |
|
Characterization of a High
Efficiency, Ultrashort Pulse Shaper
Incorporating a Reflective
4096-Element Spatial Light Modulator
Jeffrey J Field,
Thomas A. Planchon,
Wafa Amir, Charles G. Durfee,
Jeff A. Squier |
|
Shaping ultrafast optical pulses
with liquid crystal spatial light
modulators
The ability to
"coherently control" or drive an
expirement with a shaped optical
field is one of the most
intriguing applications in the
field of ultrafast phenomena
today. |
|
Spectral phase shaping for high
resolution CARS spectroscopy around
3000cm
A.C.W. van Rhijn, S.
Postma, J.P. Korterik, J.L.
Herek, H.L. Offerhaus |
|
Ultrafast phase and amplitude pulse
shaping with a single,
one-dimensional, high-resolution
phase mask
Jesse W. Wilson,
Philip Schlup, Randy A. Bartels |
|
| Liquid Crystal
Beamsteering |
A review of Phased Array Steering
for Narrow-Band Electrooptical
Systems
Paul F. McManamon,
Philip J. Bos, Michael J. Escuti,
Jason Heikenfeld, Steve Serati,
Kuikai Xie, Edward A. Watson
Proc. IEEE, Vol. 97, No. 6 (June 2009) |
|
Wide-angle nonmechanical beam
steering using thin liquid crystal
polarization gratings
Jihwan Kim, Chulwoo Oh,
Michael J. Escuti, Lance
Hosting, Steven Serati
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 7093 (Aug 2008) |
|
Advances in optical phased array
technology
Anna Linnenberger,
Steve Serati, Jay Stockley
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 6304 (Sep 2006) |
|
In situ measurement of liquid
crystal spatial light modulators'
beam steering characteristics during
gamma irradiation
Jay Stockley, Steve Serati,
Daniel Dauwe, Terence Deaton,
Joseph Nonnast
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 6308 (Aug 2006) |
|
Advances in liquid crystal
based devices for wavefront control and beamsteering
Steven Serati, Jay Stockley
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5894 (Aug 2005) |
|
Multi-access laser terminal using
liquid crystal beamsteering
Steven Serati, Jay Stockley
IEEE Aerospace Conference, pp.
1972-1977 (Mar 2005) |
|
Nematic liquid crystal spatial
light modulator’s response to total-dose irradiation
Stephen DeWalt, Kyle Miller, Jay Stockley
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5554, pp. 46-58 (Oct 2004) |
|
Advances in liquid crystal
beam steering
Jay Stockley, Steven Serati
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5550, pp. 32-39 (Oct 2004) |
|
Beam combining using a phased
array of phased arrays (PAPA)
Steven Serati, Hugh Masterson and Anna Linnenberger
2004 IEEE Aerospace Conference, 5.0205 (Mar 2004) |
|
Liquid crystal spatial light
modulator for multispot beam steering
Jay Stockley, Steve Serati, Xiaodong Xun, Robert Cohn
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5160, pp. 208-215 (Jan 2004) |
|
Cascaded one-dimensional liquid crystal OPAs
for 2-D beam steering
Jay Stockley, Steve Serati
2003 IEEE Aerospace Conference, 5.0701 (Mar 2003) |
|
Phased array of phased array for free-space optical communications
Steve Serati, Jay Stockley
2003 IEEE Aerospace Conference, 5.0503 (Mar 2003) |
|
Advanced liquid crystal on silicon optical phased arrays
Steven Serati, Jay Stockley
2002 IEEE Aerospace Conference, paper 5.0301 (Mar 2002) |
|
Liquid Crystal optical phase modulators for beam steering
Jay Stockley, Xiaowei Xia, Teresa Ewing, and Steve Serati
MRS Proceedings, Vol. 709, pp. 55-66 (2001) |
|
Structured polymer/liquid crystal for switchable diffractive and
micro-optics
Darius Subacius, Jay Stockley, Steven Serati
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 3778, pp. 53-61 (Sep 1999) |
|
Liquid crystal on VLSI silicon optical phased array
Jay Stockley, Darius Subacius, Steven Serati
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 3787, pp. 105-114 (Jul 1999) |
|
Broadband phase-modulating system for white-light
Fourier transformations
Jay Stockley, Steven Serati, Darius Subacius, Kevin McIntyre, Ken Walsh
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 3633, p. 196-205 (Jun 1999) |
|
Influence of the interpixel
region in liquid crystal diffraction gratings
Jay Stockley, Darius Subacius, Steven Serati
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 3635, pp. 127-136 (Mar 1999) |
|
Broadband beam steering
Jay Stockley, Steven Serati, Gary Sharp, Ping Wang, Ken Walsh, Kristina Johnson
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 3131, pp. 111-123 (Jul 1997) |
|
| Optical Correlators |
Optical correlator using four kilohertz analog
spatial light modulators
Teresa Ewing, Steve Serati and Kipp Bauchert
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5437, p. 123-133 (Apr 2004) |
|
Data flow architecture for high-speed optical processors
Kipp Bauchert and Steve Serati
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 3386, pp.50-58 (Apr 1998) |
|
Complex phase/amplitude spatial light modulator
advances and use in a multispectral optical correlator
Kipp Bauchert, Steven Serati, Gary Sharp, Douglas McKnight
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 3073, pp. 170-177 (Mar 1997) |
|
High speed compact optical
correlator design and implementation
Richard Turner, Kristina Johnson and
Steve Serati
"Design Issues in Optical
Processing", Editor: John Lee, pp
169 (1995) |
|
Programmable 128 x 128 ferroelectric liquid crystal
spatial light modulator compact correlator
Steven Serati, Teresa Ewing, Roylnn Serati, Kristina Johnson, Darren
Simon
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 1959, pp. 55-68 (Apr 1993) |
|
| Liquid Crystal
Spectrometers |
Near IR electro-optic imaging Fourier transform
spectrometer
Tien-Hsin Chao, Hanying Zhou, Xiaowei Xia, Steven Serati
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5816, pp. 163-172 (Mar 2005) |
|
Electro-optic imaging fourier transform spectrometer
Tien-Hsin Chao, Hanying Zhou, Xiaowei Xia, Steve Serati
NASA Earth Science Technology Conference, B5P1, (Jun 2004) |
|
Hyperspectral imaging using electro-optic Fourier transform spectrometer
Tien-Hsin Chao, Hanying Zhou, Xiaowei Xia, Steve Serati
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5437, (Apr 2004) |
|
Liquid crystal Fourier transform spectrometer
Gary Sharp, Ping Wang, Steven Serati, Teresa Ewing
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 3384, pp. 161-171 (Jul 1998) |
|
| Spectral
Filters |
Novel Polarization interference filters for wide
spectral tuning of an optical null
Hugh Masterson, Jay Stockley
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5289, p. 38-52 (May 2004) |
|
Liquid crystal modulated optical CDMA in a fiber-based testbed
Yijing Fu, Frank Barnes, Teresa Ewing, Steven Serati, Xiaowei Xia
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5595, p. 302-309 (Oct 2004) |
|
Demonstration of reconfigurable O-CDMA using liquid crystal modulators
Xiaowei Xia, Teresa Ewing, Steven Serati, Yijing Fu, Rong Zhou, John Neff, Frank Barnes
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5246, pp. 95-102 (Aug 2003) |
|
Advances in polarization-based liquid crystal optical filters
Xiaowei Xia, Jay Stockley, Teresa Ewing, Steven Serati
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 4658, pp. 51-58 (May 2002) |
|
Fabry Perot etalon with polymer cholesteric liquid-crystal
mirrors
Jay Stockley, Gary Sharp, Kristina Johnson
Optics Letters, Vol. 24, Issue 1, p. 55 (Jan 1999) |
|
| Spatial Light
Modulators – Phase Modulation / Wavefront Control |
Spatial light modulator
considerations for beam control in
optical manipulation applications
Steve Serati, Jamie
Harriman
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 6326, (Sep 2006) |
|
Transmissive spatial light
modulators with high figure-of-merit
liquid crystals for foveated imaging
applications
Jamie
Harriman,Sebastian Gauza, Shin-Tson
Wu, David Wick, Brett Bagwell,
Ty Martinez, Don Payne, Steven
Serati
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 6135, (Feb 2006) |
|
Wide field-of-view imaging system using a liquid
crystal spatial light modulator
G. Curatu, D. Wick, D. Payne, T. Martinez, J. Harriman, J. Harvey,
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5874, (Aug 2005) |
|
Comparison of reflective and transmissive spatial light modulators
for optical manipulator applications
Jamie Harriman, Steven Serati, Jay Stockley
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5930, (Aug 2005) |
|
Improving spatial light modulator performance through phase compensation
Jamie Harriman, Anna Linnenberger, Steven Serati
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5553, (Oct 2004). |
|
High-resolution phase-only spatial light modulators with sub-millisecond
response
Steven Serati, Xiaowei Xia, Owais Mughal, Anna Linnenberger
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5106, pp. 138-145 (Aug 2003) |
|
New developments in high-resolution liquid-crystal spatial light
modulators for wavefront control
Steven Serati, Teresa Ewing, Jay Stockley
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 4825, pp. 46-55 (Nov 2002) |
|
LC phase shifters and passive high-resolution wavefront control using
-matrix addressing
Steven Serati
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 4124, pp.47-56 (Nov 2000) |
|
SLMs meet the challenge of new applications
Steven Serati and Kipp Bauchert
Laser Focus World, Vol. 35, No. 5, p 229 (May 1999) |
|
Progress report of USAF Research Laboratory liquid crystal AO program
Sergio Restaino, Don Payne, Michael Anderson, Jeffrey Baker, Steven Serati, Gary Loos
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 3353, pp. 776-781 (Sep 1998) |
|
Analog optical phase modulator based on chiral
smectic and polymer cholesteric liquid crystals
Jay Stockley, Gary Sharp, Steven Serati, Kristina Johnson
Optics Letters, Vol. 20, Issue 23, p. 2441 (Dec 1995) |
|
| Spatial Light
Modulators – Amplitude Modulation |
Liquid crystal on silicon infrared scene projectors
Teresa Ewing, William Folks
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5785, p. 36-45 (April 2005) |
|
Development of large-array spatial light modulators
Steven Serati, Kipp Bauchert, Peter Millett
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5362, p. 119-127, (Jun 2004) |
|
Advances in liquid crystal
spatial light modulators
Kipp Bauchert, Steven Serati, Alex Furman
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 4734, pp. 35-43 (Apr 2002) |
|
High-speed multilevel 512x512 spatial light modulator
Kipp Bauchert, Steven Serati
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 4043, pp. 59-65 (Mar 2000) |
|
High-speed multilevel phase/amplitude spatial light modulator advances
Kipp Bauchert, Steven Serati
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 3715, pp. 90-96 (Mar 1999) |
|
Sampling technique for achieving full unit-circle coverage using
a real-axis spatial light modulator
Steven Serati, Kipp Bauchert
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 3715, pp. 112-119 (Mar 1999) |
|
Analog spatial light modulators: advances and applications
Steven Serati, Kipp Bauchert
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 3292, pp. 2-12 (Apr 1998) |
|
128 x 128 analog liquid crystal spatial light modulator
Steven Serati, Gary Sharp, Roylnn Serati, Douglas McKnight, Jay Stockley
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 2490, pp. 378-387 (Mar 1995) |
|
256 by 256 liquid-crystal-on-silicon spatial light modulator
Douglas McKnight, Kristina Johnson, Roylnn Serati
Applied Optics, Vol. 33, Issue 14, p. 2775 (May 1994) |
|
High-speed analog achromatic intensity modulator
Jay Stockley, Gary Sharp, Dave Doroski, Kristina Johnson
Optics Letters, Vol. 19, Issue 10, p. 758 (May 1994) |
|
Electrically addressed 256 by 256 liquid-crystal-on-silicon
spatial light modulator
Douglas McKnight, Roylnn Serati, Kristina Johnson
Optics Letters, Vol. 18, Issue 24, p. 2159 (Dec 1993) |
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