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Technical Whitepapers

A collection of general discussions and in-depth technical notes featuring Boulder Nonlinear Sytstems' products and services.
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Title Summary Related Product(s)
32-channel Spatial Light Modulator Driver Subsystem The basic principles used in our 32-channel driver used for our analog liquid crystal 512x512 pixel SLM. 256 X 256 SLM, 512 X 512 SLM
512 Spatial Light Modulator System Description A system level description of the BNS 512 X 512 SLM including the mechanical mount system, drive electronics, software and cable connections. 256 X 256 SLM, 512 X 512 SLM
Analog Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals Performance data showing the frequency dependant nature of FLC devices such that the same digital pixel value will give different polarization rotations at different frequencies. 256 X 256 SLM, 512 X 512 SLM, 1 X 4096 SLM
Beam Steering Using Liquid Crystals A discussion of the considerations necessary for the design and application of liquid crystal beam steerers. 256 X 256 SLM, 512 X 512 SLM, 1 X 4096 SLM
Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal Based Polarization Filters The principles involved in tuning Liquid crystal tunable filters (LCTFs) using Fabry-Perot and polarization interference effects. Rotators, Shutters
Image Resolution vs. Bit-Depth Deciding trade-offs between resolution and bit-depth when specifying SLMs. 256 X 256 SLM, 512 X 512 SLM, 1 X 4096 SLM
Liquid Crystal Fabry-Perot Tunable Filter The design considerations surrounding the use of Liquid Crystal Fabry-Perot Filters. Rotators, Shutters
Liquid Crystal Reference A brief description of characteristics, typical configurations, and applications for Nematic, Smectic C, and Smectic A LCs. 256 X 256 SLM, 512 X 512 SLM, 1 X 4096 SLM
System Tuning Considerations Tuning systems to match the characteristics of the SLM to achieve maximum contrast. 256 X 256 SLM, 512 X 512 SLM, 1 X 4096 SLM
Liquid Crystal Beamsteering
Advances in liquid crystal based devices for wavefront control and beamsteering
Steven Serati, Jay Stockley
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5894 (Aug 2005)
Nematic liquid crystal spatial light modulator’s response to total-dose irradiation
Stephen DeWalt, Kyle Miller, Jay Stockley
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5554, pp. 46-58 (Oct 2004)
Advances in liquid crystal beam steering
Jay Stockley, Steven Serati
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5550, pp. 32-39 (Oct 2004)
Beam combining using a phased array of phased arrays (PAPA)
Steven Serati, Hugh Masterson and Anna Linnenberger
2004 IEEE Aerospace Conference, 5.0205 (Mar 2004)
Liquid crystal spatial light modulator for multispot beam steering
Jay Stockley, Steve Serati, Xiaodong Xun, Robert Cohn
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5160, pp. 208-215 (Jan 2004)
Cascaded one-dimensional liquid crystal OPAs for 2-D beam steering
Jay Stockley, Steve Serati
2003 IEEE Aerospace Conference, 5.0701 (Mar 2003)
Phased array of phased array for free-space optical communications
Steve Serati, Jay Stockley
2003 IEEE Aerospace Conference, 5.0503 (Mar 2003)
Advanced liquid crystal on silicon optical phased arrays
Steven Serati, Jay Stockley
2002 IEEE Aerospace Conference, paper 5.0301 (Mar 2002)
Liquid Crystal optical phase modulators for beam steering
Jay Stockley, Xiaowei Xia, Teresa Ewing, and Steve Serati
MRS Proceedings, Vol. 709, pp. 55-66 (2001)
Structured polymer/liquid crystal for switchable diffractive and micro-optics
Darius Subacius, Jay Stockley, Steven Serati
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 3778, pp. 53-61 (Sep 1999)
Liquid crystal on VLSI silicon optical phased array
Jay Stockley, Darius Subacius, Steven Serati
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 3787, pp. 105-114 (Jul 1999)
Broadband phase-modulating system for white-light Fourier transformations
Jay Stockley, Steven Serati, Darius Subacius, Kevin McIntyre, Ken Walsh
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 3633, p. 196-205 (Jun 1999)
Influence of the interpixel region in liquid crystal diffraction gratings
Jay Stockley, Darius Subacius, Steven Serati
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 3635, pp. 127-136 (Mar 1999)
Broadband beam steering
Jay Stockley, Steven Serati, Gary Sharp, Ping Wang, Ken Walsh, Kristina Johnson
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 3131, pp. 111-123 (Jul 1997)

Optical Correlators
Optical correlator using four kilohertz analog spatial light modulators
Teresa Ewing, Steve Serati and Kipp Bauchert
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5437, p. 123-133 (Apr 2004)
Data flow architecture for high-speed optical processors
Kipp Bauchert and Steve Serati
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 3386, pp.50-58 (Apr 1998)
Complex phase/amplitude spatial light modulator advances and use in a multispectral optical correlator
Kipp Bauchert, Steven Serati, Gary Sharp, Douglas McKnight
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 3073, pp. 170-177 (Mar 1997)
Programmable 128 x 128 ferroelectric liquid crystal spatial light modulator compact correlator
Steven Serati, Teresa Ewing, Roylnn Serati, Kristina Johnson, Darren Simon
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 1959, pp. 55-68 (Apr 1993)

Liquid Crystal Spectrometers
Near IR electro-optic imaging Fourier transform spectrometer
Tien-Hsin Chao, Hanying Zhou, Xiaowei Xia, Steven Serati
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5816, pp. 163-172 (Mar 2005)
Electro-optic imaging fourier transform spectrometer
Tien-Hsin Chao, Hanying Zhou, Xiaowei Xia, Steve Serati
NASA Earth Science Technology Conference, B5P1, (Jun 2004)
Hyperspectral imaging using electro-optic Fourier transform spectrometer
Tien-Hsin Chao, Hanying Zhou, Xiaowei Xia, Steve Serati
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5437, (Apr 2004)
Liquid crystal Fourier transform spectrometer
Gary Sharp, Ping Wang, Steven Serati, Teresa Ewing
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 3384, pp. 161-171 (Jul 1998)

Spectral Filters
Novel Polarization interference filters for wide spectral tuning of an optical null
Hugh Masterson, Jay Stockley
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5289, p. 38-52 (May 2004)
Liquid crystal modulated optical CDMA in a fiber-based testbed
Yijing Fu, Frank Barnes, Teresa Ewing, Steven Serati, Xiaowei Xia
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5595, p. 302-309 (Oct 2004)
Demonstration of reconfigurable O-CDMA using liquid crystal modulators
Xiaowei Xia, Teresa Ewing, Steven Serati, Yijing Fu, Rong Zhou, John Neff, Frank Barnes
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5246, pp. 95-102 (Aug 2003)
Advances in polarization-based liquid crystal optical filters
Xiaowei Xia, Jay Stockley, Teresa Ewing, Steven Serati
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 4658, pp. 51-58 (May 2002)
Fabry Perot etalon with polymer cholesteric liquid-crystal mirrors
Jay Stockley, Gary Sharp, Kristina Johnson
Optics Letters, Vol. 24, Issue 1, p. 55 (Jan 1999)

Spatial Light Modulators – Phase Modulation / Wavefront Control
Wide field-of-view imaging system using a liquid crystal spatial light modulator
G. Curatu, D. Wick, D. Payne, T. Martinez, J. Harriman, J. Harvey,
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5874, (Aug 2005)
Comparison of reflective and transmissive spatial light modulators for optical manipulator applications
Jamie Harriman, Steven Serati, Jay Stockley
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5930, (Aug 2005)
Improving spatial light modulator performance through phase compensation
Jamie Harriman, Anna Linnenberger, Steven Serati
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5553, (Oct 2004).
High-resolution phase-only spatial light modulators with sub-millisecond response
Steven Serati, Xiaowei Xia, Owais Mughal, Anna Linnenberger
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5106, pp. 138-145 (Aug 2003)
New developments in high-resolution liquid-crystal spatial light modulators for wavefront control
Steven Serati, Teresa Ewing, Jay Stockley
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 4825, pp. 46-55 (Nov 2002)
LC phase shifters and passive high-resolution wavefront control using -matrix addressing
Steven Serati
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 4124, pp.47-56 (Nov 2000)
SLMs meet the challenge of new applications
Steven Serati and Kipp Bauchert
Laser Focus World, Vol. 35, No. 5, p 229 (May 1999)
Progress report of USAF Research Laboratory liquid crystal AO program
Sergio Restaino, Don Payne, Michael Anderson, Jeffrey Baker, Steven Serati, Gary Loos
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 3353, pp. 776-781 (Sep 1998)
Analog optical phase modulator based on chiral smectic and polymer cholesteric liquid crystals
Jay Stockley, Gary Sharp, Steven Serati, Kristina Johnson
Optics Letters, Vol. 20, Issue 23, p. 2441 (Dec 1995)

Spatial Light Modulators – Amplitude Modulation
Liquid crystal on silicon infrared scene projectors
Teresa Ewing, William Folks
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5785, p. 36-45 (April 2005)
Development of large-array spatial light modulators
Steven Serati, Kipp Bauchert, Peter Millett
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5362, p. 119-127, (Jun 2004)
Advances in liquid crystal spatial light modulators
Kipp Bauchert, Steven Serati, Alex Furman
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 4734, pp. 35-43 (Apr 2002)
High-speed multilevel 512x512 spatial light modulator
Kipp Bauchert, Steven Serati
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 4043, pp. 59-65 (Mar 2000)
High-speed multilevel phase/amplitude spatial light modulator advances
Kipp Bauchert, Steven Serati
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 3715, pp. 90-96 (Mar 1999)
Sampling technique for achieving full unit-circle coverage using a real-axis spatial light modulator
Steven Serati, Kipp Bauchert
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 3715, pp. 112-119 (Mar 1999)
Analog spatial light modulators: advances and applications
Steven Serati, Kipp Bauchert
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 3292, pp. 2-12 (Apr 1998)
128 x 128 analog liquid crystal spatial light modulator
Steven Serati, Gary Sharp, Roylnn Serati, Douglas McKnight, Jay Stockley
Proc. SPIE, Vol. 2490, pp. 378-387 (Mar 1995)
256 by 256 liquid-crystal-on-silicon spatial light modulator
Douglas McKnight, Kristina Johnson, Roylnn Serati
Applied Optics, Vol. 33, Issue 14, p. 2775 (May 1994)
High-speed analog achromatic intensity modulator
Jay Stockley, Gary Sharp, Dave Doroski, Kristina Johnson
Optics Letters, Vol. 19, Issue 10, p. 758 (May 1994)
Electrically addressed 256 by 256 liquid-crystal-on-silicon spatial light modulator
Douglas McKnight, Roylnn Serati, Kristina Johnson
Optics Letters, Vol. 18, Issue 24, p. 2159 (Dec 1993)

Other Useful Resources
Timely information regarding BNS products, services, technical specifications, and application notes can be found in the Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) and Support area.
 
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